Garut Regency is a regency in West Java Province, Indonesia. Its capital is Tarogong Kidul. The regency borders Sumedang Regency to the north, Tasikmalaya Regency to the east, the Indian Ocean to the south, and Cianjur Regency and Bandung Regency to the west.
The history of Garut is inextricably linked to Limbangan Regency. Limbangan Regency is an old regency whose capital was moved to Garut due to frequent natural disasters, such as flooding, that hit the capital area. Furthermore, the government center was underdeveloped due to its distance from rivers that served as transportation and irrigation for rice fields and plantations. Regent Adiwijaya (1813-1831) formed a survey committee for the location of the new regency capital. The final choice fell on a location surrounded by mountains and with a spring that flowed into the Ci Manuk River. The location was approximately 17 km from the old city center. Upon discovering the spring, a committee member called it "kakarut" (Sundanese for "scratched"), a thicket. The Dutch surveyors, unable to pronounce the word, called it gagarut. Initially, the name of the regency whose capital had been moved would remain unchanged; it would remain Limbangan Regency. However, upon the advice of elders, the regency's name was changed to a new one to avoid future disasters and calamities, as had frequently befallen Limbangan Regency. From this kakarut incident, pronounced gagarut by the Dutch, the name of the new regency, Garut, emerged. Garut's anniversary is celebrated every February 16th.
Garut Regency consists of 42 sub-districts, which are further divided into 424 villages and 21 urban villages. The administrative center is in Tarogong Kidul District.
Most of the regency is mountainous, except for a narrow lowland on the south coast. Among the mountains in Garut are: Mount Papandayan (2,262 m) and Mount Guntur (2,249 m), both located on the border with Bandung Regency, and Mount Cikuray (2,821 m) south of Garut city. Garut Regency is located in the southeastern part of West Java Province at coordinates 6º56’49 – 7º45’00 South Latitude and 107º25’8 – 108º7’30 East Longitude. Garut Regency has an administrative area of 306,519 Ha (3,065.19 km²) with the following boundaries:
Garut Regency, geographically adjacent to Bandung City, the capital of West Java Province, serves as a buffer zone and hinterland for the development of the Greater Bandung region. Therefore, Garut Regency holds a strategic position in supplying the needs of Bandung City and Regency residents, while also playing a role in maintaining environmental balance.
In general, the climate in Garut Regency can be categorized as a humid tropical climate because it is included in the Af to Am types of the "Koppen climate classification". Based on secondary data studies, the climate and weather in Garut Regency are influenced by three main factors, namely the seasonal wind circulation pattern (monsoonal circulation pattern), the mountainous regional topography in the central part of West Java; and the topographic elevation in Bandung. The average annual rainfall around Garut ranges between 2,589 mm with 9 wet months and 3 dry months, while in the surrounding mountainous areas it reaches 3,500-4,000 mm. Monthly temperature variations range between 24 °C - 27 °C. The amount of sweat evaporation (evapotranspiration) according to Iwaco-Waseco (1991) is 1,572 mm/year.
During the rainy season, winds consistently blow from the northwest, bringing moist air from the South China Sea and the western Java Sea. During the dry season, dry, relatively warm winds blow from Australia to the southeast.
The landscape of the Northern Garut Regency consists of two landscape arrangements, namely: (1) plains and intermountain basins in the shape of a horseshoe opening to the north, (2) a series of active volcanoes surrounding the plains and intermountain basins, such as the Mt. Guntur – Mt. Haruman – Mt. Kamojang complex in the west, Mt. Papandayan – Mt. Cikuray in the south-southeast, and Mt. Cikuray – Mt. Talagabodas – Mt. Galunggung in the east. The landscape in the south consists of plains and stretches of coastline with a coastline of 80 km.
The evolution of the landscape of Garut Regency, especially North Garut, can be explained through 2 (two) hypothetical approaches, namely:
The capital of Garut Regency is at an altitude of 717 m above sea level, surrounded by Mount Karacak (1,838 m), Mount Cikuray (2,821 m), Mount Papandayan (2,622 m), and Mount Guntur (2,249 m).
Topographic characteristics of Garut Regency: The northern part consists of highlands and mountains, while the southern part (South Garut) has a mostly steep and unstable surface in some places. Garut Regency has varying altitudes from the lowest areas parallel to sea level to the highest areas on mountain peaks. Areas at an altitude of 500-100 m above sea level are in Pakenjeng and Pamulihan districts and areas at an altitude of 100-1500 m above sea level are in Cikajang, Pakenjeng, Pamulihan, Cisurupan and Cisewu districts. Areas at an altitude of 100-500 m above sea level are in Cibalong, Cisompet, Cisewu, Cikelet and Bungbulang districts and areas located in lowlands at an altitude of less than 100 m above sea level are in Cibalong and Pameungpeuk districts.
The volcanic mountain range surrounding the intermountain plains of North Garut has slopes with a gradient of 30-45% around the peak, 15-30% in the middle, and 10-15% at the foot of the mountain slopes. The mountain slopes are generally covered with quite dense vegetation because some of them are nature conservation areas. The Garut Regency area has a slope gradient varying between 0-40%, of which 71.42% or 218,924 Ha is at a slope level of 8-25%. The area of sloping areas with a slope level below 3% reaches 29,033 Ha or 9.47%; areas with a slope level of up to 8% cover an area of 79,214 Ha or 25.84%; areas with a slope level of up to 15% reach 62,975 Ha or 20.55% areas with a slope level of up to 40% reach an area of 7,550 Ha or around 2.46%.
Based on their flow direction, the rivers in Garut Regency are divided into two river basins (DAS), namely the North Watershed which empties into the Java Sea and the South Watershed which empties into the Indonesian Ocean. The southern watershed is generally relatively short, narrow and valley-filled compared to the northern watershed. The northern watershed is the North Cimanuk River Watershed, while the southern watershed is the Cikaengan and Cilaki River Watersheds. Garut Regency has 33 rivers and 101 tributaries with a total river length of 1,397.34 km; of which 92 km is the length of the Cimanuk River with 58 tributaries.
Based on interpretation of Landsat imagery of the Bandung Zone, it appears that the river flow pattern developing in the intermountainous plains of North Garut exhibits a foliar character, with the Cimanuk River primarily flowing northward. The Cimanuk River is fed by tributary branches originating from the surrounding mountain slopes. Individually, these tributaries are young rivers that form a sub-parallel drainage pattern, acting as subsystems of the Cimanuk watershed.
Based on the 1:100,000 scale geological map of Arjawinangun, Bandung and Garut compiled by Ratman & Gafor (1998) into a 1:500,000 scale geological map, the arrangement and sequence of rocks in the northern part of Garut Regency are dominated by volcanic materials associated with volcanic eruptions, including the eruption of Mount Cikuray, Mount Papandayan and Mount Guntur. These eruptions occurred several times sporadically during the Quaternary period (2 million years ago), resulting in volcanic materials in the form of breccia, lava, lahar and tuff containing quartz and piled up on the intermountain plains in Garut.
The oldest rocks exposed in the Cimanuk River valley include compact basaltic volcanic breccias, exhibiting open packing with gravel- to boulder-sized components. In general, the rocks that make up the Garut intermountain plain are dominated by classical volcanic material in the form of alluvium consisting of sand, gravel, gravel, and mud.
The types of complex soils are yellowish red podzolic, yellow podzolic and regosol which are the most widespread, especially in the southern part, while in the northern part, andosol soil dominates, which provides opportunities for potential vegetable businesses.
Based on the type of soil and topography in Garut Regency, land use in North Garut is generally used for rice fields and South Garut is dominated by plantations and forests.
Garut Regency has well-managed educational facilities, both state and private.
Garut Regency has healthcare facilities, including hospitals. Here's a list of healthcare facilities in the city:
The capital of Garut Regency is on the Jakarta-Garut-Tasikmalaya route, usually just transit at Guntur Terminal Garut, if you want to go directly to Tasikmalaya, people prefer the Malangbong route to pass. Garut has transportation facilities such as Horse-Drawn Carts, Motorcycle Taxis, Rural Transportation (Angdes) from various villages to the District Town, City Transportation (Angkot), Minibuses from various districts to Garut City and large buses with the Garut - Jakarta route, Car Rentals of various types and Taxis. Guntur Terminal is the name of the largest terminal in Garut City. There are also Trains that go to Jakarta sometimes stop at several Train Stations in Garut such as Malangbong Station, Cibatu Station, and Leles Station.
Garut Regency has typical foods, drinks, and fruits, including Dodol Garut, Ladu Malangbong, Skin Crackers (Dorokdok Garut), Fish Pindang, Cibiuk Sambal, Goyobod Ice, Garut Orange, Wajit, Burayot, Getrek, Emplod, Chocodot, RO Crackers, Rangginang, Bugis, and Lagenar. In addition, with the tenacious hands of the Garut people, Garut has Typical Products, including Leather Jackets, Garutan Hand-Written Batik, Skin Crackers (Dorokdok), Fragrant Root Oil, Boboko Samarang, and Bungbulang Decorative Agate Stones.
Source: Garut Regency Website, Wikipedia
Get in touch with us by filling out the form. Whether you expanding your business to West Java or buying goods from West Java, our team is ready to assist you every step of the way.
Online and Offline 
Ind
Eng