Cianjur Regency is a regency in West Java Province, Indonesia. Its capital is located in Cianjur District. The regency borders Bogor Regency and Purwakarta Regency to the north, Bandung Regency, West Bandung Regency, and Garut Regency to the east, the Indian Ocean to the south, and Sukabumi Regency to the west.

Administrative divisions

Cianjur Regency consists of 32 sub-districts, 342 villages and 6 urban villages. The center of government is in Cianjur District.

Topography

Cianjur is largely mountainous, except for a narrow stretch of lowland along the southern coast. Agricultural lands for food crops and horticulture, livestock, fisheries, plantations, and forestry provide a livelihood for the community. This is further enhanced by the numerous large and small rivers that can be used for irrigation. The longest river in Cianjur is the Cibuni River, which flows into the Indian Ocean.

Of the total area of ​​Cianjur Regency of 350,148 hectares, its utilization includes 83,034 Ha (23.71%) in the form of productive and conservation forests, 58,101 Ha (16.59%) in the form of wetland agricultural land, 97,227 Ha (27.76%) in the form of dry agricultural land and dry fields, 57,735 Ha (16.49%) in the form of plantation land, 3,500 Ha (0.10%) in the form of land and grazing / yards, 1,239 Ha (0.035%) in the form of ponds / pools, 25,261 Ha (7.20%) in the form of settlements / yards and 22,483 Ha (6.42%) in the form of other uses.

Origin

Raden Djajasasana, son of Aria Wangsa Goparana from Talaga, a descendant of Sunan Talaga, brought with him 100 cacah (people) and was tasked with opening a new territory called Cikundul. R. Djajasasana then succeeded in repelling the Bantenese attack in defending his territory, and was awarded the title of commander (Wira Tanu). Thus, he was eventually known as Raden Aria Wira Tanu.

The Aria Dynasty of Goparana then founded Nagari Sagara Herang and spread Islam to the surrounding area. Meanwhile, Cikundul, previously a sub-nagari, became the mother nagari where the people of Djajasasana settled. Several years before 1680, the sub-nagari where Raden Djajasasana lived was called Cianjur (Tsitsanjoer-Tjiandjoer).

Philosophy

Cianjur has a philosophy, namely NGAOS, MAMAOS and MAEN PO, which reminds us all of the 3 (three) aspects of the perfection of life.

1. NGAOS is a Koran recitation tradition that colors the atmosphere and nuances of Cianjur, a community deeply rooted in religious beliefs. This image as a religious region is said to have been established since Cianjur's birth around 1677, when the region was built by ulama and santri (Islamic students) who actively promoted the spread of Islam. This is why Cianjur was once known as a center for Islamic students (santri) and kyai (Islamic clerics), earning it the nickname "THE CITY OF SANTRI." A brief look at the history of the struggle in Cianjur, long before the war of independence, reveals that the forces of the independence struggle at that time also grew and flourished in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). Many fighters sought the blessing of kyai before departing for war. They only felt complete and confident about going to the battlefield after receiving their blessing.
2. MAMAOS is a cultural art that depicts the refinement of manners and feelings as a glue of brotherhood and family in social life. The art of mamaos, Sundanese song, Cianjuran song, was born from the creativity, feeling and will of the Regent of Cianjur, R. Aria Adipati Kusumahningrat, known as Dalem Pancaniti. He became the dalem of Tatar Cianjur around 1834-1862. This mamaos art consists of the kecapi indung (large lute) and Kecapi rincik (small lute) as well as a flute that accompanies the panembanan or juru. In general, this mamaos poetry expresses more praise for the greatness of God with all of His creations.
3. MAEN PO is a pencak silat martial art that demonstrates skill and toughness. The creator and propagator of Maenpo was R. Djadjaperbata, also known as R. H. Ibrahim. This style is characterized by a sense of play, namely sensitivity or perceptiveness that can read an opponent's every movement when their bodies touch. In Maenpo, the skills of Liliwatan (avoidance) and Peupeuhan (strikes) are known.

When this philosophy is deeply ingrained, it is essentially a symbol of religiousness, culture, and hard work. Through religiousness, the goal is to foster faith and piety in society through the development of noble morals. Through culture, the Cianjur community seeks to maintain its existence as a cultured society, possessing manners, etiquette, and politeness in social interactions. Through hard work, as an implementation of the Maenpo philosophy, the Cianjur community consistently demonstrates a strong spirit of empowerment in improving the quality of life. Liliwatan is not merely a form of self-defense in pencak silat, but is also interpreted as a way to avoid sinful acts. Meanwhile, peupeuhan, or striking, is interpreted as strength in facing life's various challenges.

Demographics

Cianjur Regency, according to the 2000 Population Census, has a population of 1,931,480 people, consisting of 982,164 male residents and 949,676 female residents with a population growth rate of 2.23%.
The sub-districts with the largest populations are Pacet Sub-district with 170,224 people and Cianjur Sub-district with 140,374 people. Other sub-districts with populations above 100,000 people are Cibeber Sub-district (105,0204 people), Warungkondang Sub-district (101,580 people), and Karangtengah Sub-district (123,158 people). The sub-district with the smallest population is Cikadu Sub-district with 36,212 people. Other sub-districts with populations between 40,000 and 50,000 people are Sindangbarang, Takokak, and Sukanagara Sub-districts.

Economy

The agricultural sector accounts for approximately 62.99% of Cianjur Regency's population. The agricultural sector is the largest contributor to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), at approximately 42.80%. Other sectors that absorb significant labor include trade and services, at approximately 14.60%, and the sending of domestic workers at 30%.

Population density

Cianjur Regency has an uneven population density:

• 63.90% in the northern region with an area of ​​30.78%
• 19.19% in the central region with an area of ​​28.25%
• 17.12% in the southern region with an area of ​​40.70%

Religion

The population of Cianjur Regency is known as a religious society with the majority of the population embracing Islam, reaching 98%, while the non-Muslim population reaches 2%, with the following details:

1. Muslim population = 1,893,203 people (98%)
2. Christian population = 32,841 people (1.7%)
3. Buddhist and Hindu population = 5,796 people (0.3%)

School age participation rate

1. The Gross Participation Rate of Elementary Schools/Islamic Elementary Schools in 2000 reached 84.52%
2. The Gross Participation Rate of Junior High Schools reached 38.50%
3. Gross Enrollment Rate of High School Reaches 11.98%
4. Gross Participation Rate of COLLEGE reached 20.18%

Indications of increasing public health levels

1. The current Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is 373 per 100,000 births, down from the previous year's figure of 420 per 100,000 births.
2. The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) reached 62.00 per 1,000 live births, down from the previous year's figure of 65.38 per 1,000 live births.
3. Life expectancy (AHH) reached an average of 66.45 years, up from 62 years in previous years.

Transportation

The capital of Cianjur Regency is crossed by the national road (Jakarta-Bogor-Bandung) and the Jakarta-Bogor-Sukabumi-Cianjur railway line. Travel to Cianjur is usually by land; from Jakarta, you can take the Puncak route, the Sukabumi route, an alternative route via Jonggol, or the Purbaleunyi Toll Road.

Source: Cianjur Regency Website, Wikipedia